MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF PROSTATIC LESIONS IN BENIN CITY- A TWENTY YEARS RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF LESIONS SEEN IN THE UNIVERSITY OF BENIN TEACHING HOSPITAL (UBTH) 1989-2008

Abstract

Introduction and Aim. Reports have shown that there is a persistent increase in the incidence of prostatic lesions. These constitute a substantial source of morbidity and mortality among adult male population world-wide. Prostate cancer is the 6th most common cancer world-wide and most common cancer of the genito-urinary system. It is the most common male cancer in Nigeria. The incidence in black has been on the increase. In Benin-City and its environs, reports of prostatic lesions are relatively scarce. The aim of this research is to determine the frequency and morphological patterns of prostatic lesions in Benin City.
Materials and method. The clinical records and histological slides of all prostatic lesions seen in UBTH from January 1989 to December 2008 were obtained for the departmental archives, analyzed and statistically presented using SPSS version 13 and other statistical tools.
Results. A total of 813 prostatic lesions were studied during this period. Five hundred and forty nine (67.5%) of these lesion were nodular hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis co-existing in about 1% of cases. The overall age was between 30 to102 years. The peak age range for nodular prostatic hyperplasia was in the 7th decade of life. Prostate cancer accounted for 252 (30.9%) of all prostatic lesions with a peak incidence in the seven decade of life. Adenocarcinoma constituted about 99% of cases while squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 0.8%. Well differentiated adenocarcinoma (Gleason score of 4 and below) constituted 44%. Moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (Gleason score of 5-7) accounted for 23% while poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (Gleason score 8-10) was 33% respective. HGPIN co-existing with adenocarcinoma accounted for 1.2% of adenocarcinoma. Chronic prostatitis accounted for 1.1% of all prostate lesions. Only 1% case of atypical hyperplasia was recorded.
Conclusion. The patterns and frequency of prostatic lesions were comparatively similar to the findings in Nigeria and other parts of the world.